In mergers and acquisitions (M&A), transferring a project between investors is an optimal solution for restructuring capital flows. However, not all projects can be traded freely. Many businesses have suffered severe losses by pouring capital into transactions rejected by state authorities due to legal non-compliance. To help businesses mitigate risks, this article highlights the key red flags indicating that a project is ineligible for investment project transfer under the latest law on real estate business and the Law on Investment.
The real estate project transfer process requires strict approval from regulatory authorities. When a project shows any legal, financial, or progress discrepancies, the competent authorities will immediately reject the project transfer procedures. Recognizing these red flags early helps investors (especially buyers) avoid capital lock-up or prolonged disputes.
If the project you are eyeing shows any of the following signs, it means the project is currently ineligible for investment project transfer:
This is the most common error leading to rejected applications. Under current law, the existing developer must fully pay land use fees, land rent, and all related taxes and charges.
How to spot it: The developer fails to provide a notice of completion of tax obligations or receipts for land tax payments for the project.
One of the core real estate project transfer conditions is that the land use rights must be "clean."
How to spot it: The project is being used as collateral at a bank without written consent/clearance for transfer from the bank, or the project land is subject to complaints, lawsuits, or asset distraint for judgment enforcement.
Many developers attempt to sell "future promises" when the project only exists on paper or when only a small portion of the land has been compensated.
How to spot it: The project area intended for transfer has not completed compensation, support, and resettlement processes, or lacks a land allocation/lease decision from the competent authority.
If a project has been "shelved" for too long and is under regulatory scrutiny, the transfer process will be frozen.
How to spot it: The project has received a decision on operation termination, a land revocation decision, or is currently under inspection and audit by state authorities.
The fault does not always lie with the project or the seller. A project can be deemed ineligible for investment project transfer due to the buyer's own limitations.
How to spot it: The purchasing enterprise does not have the registered business scope for real estate trading, or its equity capital cannot meet the minimum requirement (at least 20% of the total investment capital for projects under 20 hectares, and 15% for projects of 20 hectares or more).
Before entering the real estate project transfer process, verify the project status using the quick checklist below:
| Verification Factor | ELIGIBLE Status | INELIGIBLE Red Flags | |
| Planning Legality | 1/500 detailed planning approved | No 1/500 planning or currently under revision | |
| Tax Obligations | 100% land use fees paid | Tax debts, late payment penalties outstanding | |
| Land Status | Clean land, no disputes | Ongoing litigation, mortgaged at a bank | |
| Progress | On track with approved schedule | Suspended operations, official warning notices issued |
To avoid getting trapped in a deal that is ineligible for investment project transfer, businesses should implement the following control measures:
Early identification of red flags that make a project ineligible for investment project transfer serves as a "shield" protecting your business capital from "ghost" or stagnant projects. Do not let haste in M&A deals jeopardize your company's survival.
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